Sol Y Viento Leccion 7a

Primera Parte Describing Emotions

Vocabulario
Talking about Feelings and Mental Conditions. Estoy tenso. I am tense/stressed.
Emociones y condiciones

 

Spanish (memorize)	English (memorize)
alegre, contento/a	happy
avergonzado/a	embarrassed
cansado/a	tired
confundido/a	confused
enamorado/a de	in love with
enojado/a	angry
frustrado/a	frustrated
furioso/a	furious
irritado/a	irritated
nervioso/a	nervious
perplejo/a	perplexed
preocupado/a	worried
relajado/a	relaxed
triste	sad
afectar	to affect
alegrar	to make happy
cansar	to tire
confundir	to confuse
enojar	to anger
frustrar	to frustrate
irritar	to irritate
molestar	to bother
ofender	to offend
preocupar	to worry
reaccionar	to react
estar celoso/a	to be jealous
llorar	to cry
reirse	to laugh
tener envidia a alguien	to be envious of someone
tener miedo	to be afraid
tener sueño	to be sleepy
tomarse algo muy a pecho	to take something to heart

Gramática

Talking about reactions and changes of emotion
¿Cómo se siente? How are you feeling?
Pseudo-reflexive verbs
These verbs are used to reflect a change in emotion. To get or to become + a state or condition.

 

Spanish (memorize)	English (memorize)
Juan se vio	John saw himself
Juan se enojó	John got angry
Me hablo constantemente	I talk to myself constantly
Me ofendo facilmente	I get offended easily
aburrirse	to get bored
alegrarse	to become happy
cansarse	to get tired
confundirse	to become confused
deprimirse	to get depressed
frustrarse	to get frustrated
irritarse	to get irritated
ofenderse	to get offended
preocuparse	to become worried
sentirse (ie, i)	to feel

Ponerse or actuar also expresse a change in emotion or a state or condition but in a more temporary sense. Volverse is used to express a more permanent type of change, one that is often but not always sudden. Used with adjectives like loco/a (crazy). Hacerse is used to express changes such as getting rich, becoming famous, etc. The subject directly causes the action or change in state.

Spanish (memorize)	English (memorize)
Me puse muy enojado	I got (became) angry
Marta se puso frustrada	Marta got (became) frustrated
El señor se volvió loco	The man went crazy
Se puso furioso	He went nuts
Actuó de una manera loca	He was (acting) crazy
Se hizo millonario	He became a millionaire

Segunda parte Talking about health

Estoy un poco enfermo. I am a little sick. Parts of the body and physical health.
Las partes del cuerpo. Parts of the body.

Spanish (memorize)	English (memorize)
el cuello	neck
el brazo	arm
el codo	elbow
la mano	hand
los dedos (del pie)	fingers (toes)
el hombro	shoulder
la espalda	back
la pierna	leg
el pie	foot
la cabeza	head
el pecho	chest
la rodilla	knee
los dedos del pie	toes
el corazón	heart
el estómago	stomach
el higado	liver
el hueso	bone
el organo interno	internal organ
el pulmón	lung

La cabeza y la cara. The head and face.

 

Spanish (memorize)	English (memorize)
la oreja	ears
la nariz	nose
la boca	mouth
el mentón	chin
la garganta	throat
los ojos	eyes
la mejilla	cheek
los dientes	teeth
la cabeza	head
la cara	face
el cerebro	brain

la salud y el estado físico. Health and physical state.

Spanish (memorize)	English (memorize)
cortar(se)	to cut (oneself)
enfermarse	to get sick
estar (irreg.) enfermo/a	t be sick
hacer (irreg.) gárgaras	to gargle
lastimar(se)	to hurt oneself
romper(se)	to break
tener (irreg.) fiebre (f.)	to have a fever
tener (irregl) la nariz tapada	to have a stuffed up nose
tener (irregl) un resfriado	to have a cold
la aspirina	aspirin
el hueso	bone
la medicina	medicine
doler (ue)	to hurt, ache
padecer (zc) de	to suffer from
poner(le) (irregl) una inyección (a alquien)	to give (someone) a shot
respirar	to breathe
romper(se)	to break
sacar (qu) la lengua	to stick out one's tongue
sacar(le) (qu) sangre (a alguien)	to draw (someone's) blood
tener (irreg.) fiebre	to have a fever
tomar(le) la temperatura (a alguien)	to take a (someone's) temperature
el consultorio (del médico)	doctor's office
el/la enfermero/a	nurse
el/la médico/a	doctor
la pastilla	pill
la presión arterial	blood pressure
la receta	prescription
examinar	test
la alergía	allergy
la aspirina	asprin
el examen médico	medical exam
el/la farmacéutico/a	pharmacist
la medicina	medicine
el/la paciente	patient
los rayos X	X-rays
la farmacia	pharmacy

Gramática More on Talking about States Being in the Past

Review of the Imperfect. Estaban contentos, ¿no? They were contented, yes?
Imperfect is used to talk about repeated actions in the past. It is also used to express any action, state of being, or condition that was in progress at a particular point in the past. The use of the preterite with states of being implies one of two things: (1) the state is viewed as completed at a particular point in time; or (2) the state is viewed as just beginning at that point in time.

 

Spanish (memorize)	English (memorize)
No me presenté porque estaba enferma	I didn't show up because I was sick
Tenía un fiebre y tenía la nariz tapada	I had a fever and I had a stuffed up nose
conocer	to know, be familiar with (someone or something)
hacer buen / mal tiempo	to be good / bad weather
parecer	to seem, resemble
poder	to be able to, can
quedar	to stay, remain
saber	to know (facts, information)
tener	to have
verse	to appear to be, look
Estuve enferma por una semana entera	I was sick for a whole week
No me pareció tan grave	It didn't seem that serious to me
Por fin conocí al médico	I finally met the doctor

Tercera Parte Vocabulario

Telling the Doctor How You Feel. Me duele la garganta. My throat hurts.

 

In the Doctor's Office
Algunos órganos internos importantes. Some important internal organs.

Spanish (memorize)	English (memorize)
el cerebro	brain
el corazón	heart
el estómago	stomach
el hígado	liver
el pulmón	lung
en el consultorio del médico	in the doctor's office
examinar	to examine; to test
poner(le) (irregl) una inyección (a alguien)	to give (someone) a shot
respirar	to breathe
sacar (qu) la lengua	to stick out one's tongue
sacar(le) (qu) sangre (a alguien)	to draw (someone's ) blood
tomar(le) la temperatura (a alguien)	to take a (someone's) temperature
la alergia	allergy
el/la enfermero/a	nurse
el examen médico/a	checkup; medical examination
el/la médico/a	doctor
el/la paciente	patient
la pastilla	pill
la presión arterial	blood pressure
los rayos X	X-rays
la receta	prescription
doler (ue)	to hurt, ache
Me duele la cabeza	my head hurts
padecer (zc) de	to suffer from
el/la farmacéutico/a	pharmacist
la farmacia	pharmacy

Gramática Hacer in Expressions of Time

Talking About When Something Happened.
Hace dos años que se me rompió el brazo. I broke my arm two years ago.
In the present and imperfect, "hace" and "hacía" are used to espress "for" if the sentence is affirmative. The meaning changes to "since" if the sentence is negative. "Que" is typically used. "Hace" in the present = a present tense verb. "Hacia" in the imperfect = an imperfect tense verb. In the preterite, only "hace" is used and the meaning becomes "ago". If the "que" is used in the preterite, the "hace"phrase appears before the verb; if the "que" is not used in the preterite, the "hace" phrase comes after the verb. "Hace" in the preterite = a preterite tense verb.

 

Spanish (memorize)	English (memorize)
Hace mucho tiempo que vivo en Chicago	I've lived in Chicago for a long time
Hace más de un año que no veo al médico	It's been over a year since I've seen the doctor
Me enfermé hace unos días	I got sick a few days ago (w/o "que")
Hace unos días que me enfermé	I got sick a few days ago
Hacía varios meses que trabajaba en la novela	I'd been working on the novel for several months
Hacía unos meses que no veía a Romón	It had been several months since I saw Ramón