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MRNA Codons For Amino Acids

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mRNA Codons for Amino Acids

5' to 3' mRNA CodonsAmino Acid
xy*Ala, Gly, Pro, Thr, Val all have their own unique xy combinations that no other codons share
xyU and xyCthese end with pyrimidines and usually code for the same Amino Acid
xyA and xyGthese end with purines and usually code for the same Amino Acid
*U*these only code for the nonpolar Amino Acids: Ile, Leu, Met, Phe, Val
*U*these are the only codes for the nonpolar Amino Acids: Ile, Leu, Met, Phe, Val
*C*these only code for some polar (Ser, Thr) and some nonpolar (Ala, Pro) Amino Acids
*C*these are the only codes for some polar (Thr) and some nonpolar (Ala,Pro) Amino Acids
*A* and *G*these code for almost no nonpolar Amino Acids (Trp=UGG is the one exception)
*A* and *G*these mostly code for polar (Asn, Cys, Gln, Gly, Ser, Tyr) and basic (His, Lys, Arg) Amino Acids
GA*these only code for the acidic Amino Acids: Asp, Glu
GA*these are the only codes for the acidic Amino Acids: Asp, Glu
6 different codonsonly Arg, Leu, Ser have this
4 different codonsonly Ala, Gly, Pro, Thr, Val have this
3 different codonsonly Ile and STOP have this
2 different codonsmost Amino Acids (Asn, Asp, Cys, Gln, Glu, His, Lys, Phe, Tyr) have this
only 1 codononly START=Met=AUG and Trp=UGG have this
*G*all the Arg codons have this
*U*all the Leu codons have this
U**all the STOP codons have this
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mRNA Codons for Amino Acids

5' to 3' mRNA CodonsAmino Acid
GCU, GCC, GCA, GCGAla/A/Alanine
CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, AGGArg/R/Arginine
AAU, AACAsn/N/Asparagine
GAU, GACAsp/D/Aspartic Acid
UGU, UGCCys/C/Cysteine
CAA, CAGGln/Q/Glutamine
GAA, GAGGlu/E/Glutamic Acid
GGU, GGC, GGA, GGGGly/G/Glycine
CAU, CACHis/H/Histidine
AUU, AUC, AUAIle/I/Isoleucine
UUA, UUG, CUU, CUC, CUA, CUGLeu/L/Leucine
AAA, AAGLys/K/Lysine
AUGMet/M/Methionine or START
UUU, UUCPhe/F/Phenylalanine
CCU, CCC, CCA, CCGPro/P/Proline
UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG, AGU, AGCSer/S/Serine
ACU, ACC, ACA, ACGThr/T/Threonine
UGGTrp/W/Tryptophan
UAU, UACTyr/Y/Tyrosine
GUU, GUC, GUA, GUGVal/V/Valine
UAG, UGA, UAASTOP
UAASTOP/Ochre
UAGSTOP/Amber
UGASTOP/Opal
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mRNA Codons for Amino Acids

5' to 3' mRNA CodonsAmino Acid
GCUAla/A/Alanine
GCCAla/A/Alanine
GCAAla/A/Alanine
GCGAla/A/Alanine
CGUArg/R/Arginine
CGCArg/R/Arginine
CGAArg/R/Arginine
CGGArg/R/Arginine
AGAArg/R/Arginine
AGGArg/R/Arginine
AAUAsn/N/Asparagine
AACAsn/N/Asparagine
GAUAsp/D/Aspartic Acid
GACAsp/D/Aspartic Acid
UGUCys/C/Cysteine
UGCCys/C/Cysteine
CAAGln/Q/Glutamine
CAGGln/Q/Glutamine
GAAGlu/E/Glutamic Acid
GAGGlu/E/Glutamic Acid
GGUGly/G/Glycine
GGCGly/G/Glycine
GGAGly/G/Glycine
GGGGly/G/Glycine
CAUHis/H/Histidine
CACHis/H/Histidine
AUUIle/I/Isoleucine
AUCIle/I/Isoleucine
AUAIle/I/Isoleucine
UUALeu/L/Leucine
UUGLeu/L/Leucine
CUULeu/L/Leucine
CUCLeu/L/Leucine
CUALeu/L/Leucine
CUGLeu/L/Leucine
AAALys/K/Lysine
AAGLys/K/Lysine
AUGMet/M/Methionine or START
UUUPhe/F/Phenylalanine
UUCPhe/F/Phenylalanine
CCUPro/P/Proline
CCCPro/P/Proline
CCAPro/P/Proline
CCGPro/P/Proline
UCUSer/S/Serine
UCCSer/S/Serine
UCASer/S/Serine
UCGSer/S/Serine
AGUSer/S/Serine
AGCSer/S/Serine
ACUThr/T/Threonine
ACCThr/T/Threonine
ACAThr/T/Threonine
ACGThr/T/Threonine
UGGTrp/W/Tryptophan
UAUTyr/Y/Tyrosine
UACTyr/Y/Tyrosine
GUUVal/V/Valine
GUCVal/V/Valine
GUAVal/V/Valine
GUGVal/V/Valine
UAGSTOP/Amber
UGASTOP/Opal
UAASTOP/Ochre
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Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_code
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