| Question | Answer |
|---|
| A 4-year-old female pulled a pot of boiling water from the stove. She has superficial and partial-thickness burns to her head and anterior trunk. What percentage of her body surface area has been burned? | 36% |
| A 39-year-old male was struck in the head by a line drive during a baseball game. He is confused, has a large hematoma to the center of his forehead, and cannot remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and assessing his airway, you should: | administer 100% oxygen. |
| An abdominal evisceration: | occurs when organs protrude through an open wound. |
| When a person is exposed to a cold environment: | peripheral vessels constrict and divert blood away from the skin |
| A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he accidentally cut a high-power line. He fell approximately 20 feet and is lying unconscious on the ground; the power line is lying across his chest. You should: | rapidly assess the patient after ensuring the power line is not live |
| In which of the following patients should you remove an impaled object? a) An apneic patient with a shard of glass impaled in the abdomen b) A semiconscious patient with an ice pick impaled in the chest c) A conscious and alert patient with a fishhook impaled in the eye d) A pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back | d) A pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back |
| Which of the following statements regarding severe burns is MOST correct? a) Severe burns are typically a combination of all degrees of burn b) Patients with severe burns are especially prone to hyperthermia c) The majority of severe burns involve full-thickness burns only d) Severe burns involving the airway have a 100% mortality rate | a) Severe burns are typically a combination of all degrees of burn |
| Which of the following areas of the body has the thinnest skin? a) Scalp b) Soles of the feet c) Back d) Ears | d) Ears |
| With regard to the pediatric rule of nines, the: a) head is proportionately smaller than an adult's b) arms are proportionately larger than an adult's c) thorax is proportionately larger than an adult's d) legs are proportionately smaller than an adult's | d) legs are proportionately smaller than an adult's |
| A 50-year-old male with a history of diabetes sustained partial-thickness burns to approximately 15% of his body surface area (BSA) while attempting to light a barbeque pit. He is conscious and alert and in no respiratory distress. What factor makes this patient's burn a critical burn? | His history of diabetes |
| A jagged cut caused by a sharp object or blunt force trauma. | laceration |
| You and your partner arrive at the scene of a house fire where fire fighters have rescued a 50-year-old male from his burning house. The patient has superficial and partial-thickness burns to his face and chest. His nasal hairs are singed and he is coughing up sooty sputum. You should be MOST concerned with: | the potential for airway swelling |
| According to the palmar method for estimating the extent of a patient's burns, the palm of the patient's hand is equal to ___% of the body surface area. | 1 |
| All of the following body structures are lined with mucous membranes, EXCEPT for the: a) mouth b) nose c) anus d) lips | d) lips |
| Burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because: | pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass. |
| Critical burns in an infant, child or geriatric patient include: | partial-thickness burns to more than 20% of the body surface area. |
| Patients with full-thickness (third-degree) burns generally do not complain of pain because: | the nerve endings have been destroyed. |
| You have applied a dressing and roller-gauze bandage to the arm of a young female after she lacerated it when she fell from her bike. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness and tingling in her hand. You should: | assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed |
| Which of the following is considered to be a critical burn? a) Full-thickness burns to 5% of the body surface area b) Partial-thickness burns to 20% of the body surface area c) Circumferential partial-thickness burns to the chest d) Superficial burns covering 50% of the body surface area | c) Circumferential partial-thickness burns to the chest |
| Which of the following statements regarding the rule of nines is MOST correct? a) The posterior of a child's leg is equal to 13.5% of the body surface area b) A child's head is equal to 14% of his or her total body surface area c) The anterior arm in the adult is equal to 9% of the total body surface area d) The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the body surface area | d) The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the body surface area |
| Which of the following statements regarding electrical burns is MOST correct? a) Respiratory or cardiac arrest following an electrical burn is very uncommon b) The exit wound caused by electrical burns is smaller than the entrance wound c) The size of the entry and exit wounds is a reliable indicator of internal damage d) Entrance wounds are small relative to the amount of internal tissue damage | d) Entrance wounds are small relative to the amount of internal tissue damage |
| A hematoma develops when: | large blood vessels beneath the skin are damaged. |
| Functions of dressings and bandages include all of the following, EXCEPT: a) protection from further injury b) prevention of contamination c) control of external hemorrhage d) immobilization of the injury | d) immobilization of the injury |
| What layer of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body? | Epidermis |
| An 8-year-old male was bitten by a stray dog. He has a large laceration to the dorsum of his left hand, which your partner covers with a sterile dressing and bandage. In addition to transporting the child to the hospital, you should: | report the incident to the appropriate authorities. |
| You are assessing a 30-year-old male with an amputation just above the left wrist. He is conscious and alert and has a patent airway. Dark red blood is freely flowing from the injury. You should: | apply direct pressure to the injury site. |
| The sebaceous glands produce sebum, a substance that: | waterproofs the skin and keeps it supple. |
| During an altercation in a bar, two patrons got into a fist fight. The first patient, a 44-year-old female, was struck in the mouth and refuses EMS care. The second patient, a 39-year-old female, has a small laceration to her left knuckle and also refuses EMS care. Which of the following statements regarding this scenario is MOST correct? a) The 39-year-old female is at high risk for an infection b) The 44-year-old female is at high risk for an infection c) You should contact the police and have them arrested d) The patient struck in the mouth should be immobilized | a) The 39-year-old female is at high risk for an infection |
| Compartment syndrome would MOST likely develop following a: | crush injury |
| In addition to external bleeding, the MOST significant risk that an open soft tissue injury exposes a patient to is: | infection |
| When caring for an amputated body part, the EMT-B should: | keep it cool without allowing it to freeze. |
| A 33-year-old male sustained an abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant of his abdomen after he was cut with a large knife. After appropriately managing his airway and assessing him for other life-threatening injuries, you should care for his wound by: | covering it with moist, sterile dressings secured in place with bandages |
| When assessing the severity of a patient's burn(s), you should routinely consider all of the following factors, EXCEPT: a) the area(s) burned b) known drug allergies c) the age of the patient d) past medical history | b) known drug allergies |
| During your assessment of a patient who was shot in the abdomen, you notice a large entrance wound with multiple small puncture wounds surrounding it. This wound pattern is MOST consistent with a: | shotgun |
| When caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should: | brush away the chemical before flushing with water. |
| A 38-year-old male was electrocuted while attempting to wire a house. Your assessment reveals that he is unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. A coworker has shut off the power to the house. You should: | initiate CPR and attach the AED |
| A construction worker fell approximately 30 feet and landed in a pile of steel rods. Your assessment reveals that he is pulseless and apneic and has a steel rod impaled in his left leg. You should: | control the bleeding, begin CPR, stabilize the steel rod, immobilize his spine, and transport immediately. |
| Which of the following statements regarding penetrating injuries is MOST correct? a) The degree of internal injury can often be estimated by the external injury b) It is important to distinguish between entrance and exit wounds in the field c) The depth of a penetrating injury should be thoroughly assessed by the EMT d) External bleeding may be minimal but internal injuries can be extensive | d) External bleeding may be minimal but internal injuries can be extensive |
| During your assessment of a 22-year-old male who was assaulted, you note widespread contusions and abrasions to his face, chest, and abdomen. His pulse is rapid and weak and his skin is cool and clammy. You should: | administer oxygen and prepare for rapid transport. |
| When assessing a patient with a closed soft tissue injury, it is MOST important to: | remain alert for more severe underlying injuries. |
| A 21-year-old male was working in an auto repair shop and sustained radiator burns to the anterior aspect of both arms and to his anterior chest. According to the rule of nines, this patient has burns that cover ____ of his body surface area. | 18% |
| Burns are MOST appropriately classified according to: | depth and extent |
| When treating a partial-thickness burn, you should: | avoid the use of creams, lotions, or antiseptics. |
| A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the: | dermal layer |
| In addition to severe bleeding, the MOST life-threatening complication associated with an open neck injury is: | an air embolism |
| Which of the following open soft tissue injuries is limited to the superficial layer of the skin and results in the least amount of blood loss? a) Avulsion b) Abrasion c) Laceration d) Incision | b) Abrasion |
| Functions of the skin include all of the following, EXCEPT: a) maintenance of water balance b) regulation of body temperature c) the production of key antibodies d) sending information to the brain | c) the production of key antibodies |
| Common signs and symptoms of an airway burn include all of the following, EXCEPT: a) singed nasal hair b) chest pressure c) soot around the mouth d) hoarseness | b) chest pressure |
| In contrast to animal bites, the bite of a human: | carries with it a wide variety of virulent bacteria and viruses. |
| Which of the following statements regarding the dermis is MOST correct? a) The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings b) The germinal layer lies below the dermis and provides protection c) The cells of the dermis are worn away and are constantly replaced d) The dermis produces a substance that provides color to the skin | a) The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings |
| A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a: | first-degree burn |
| A 30-year-old male experienced a crushing injury when his arm was trapped between the back of a truck and a loading dock. Upon your arrival, the man's arm has been freed. Your assessment reveals that his arm is obviously deformed and swollen and is cold and pale. Further assessment reveals an absent radial pulse. You should be MOST concerned that this patient is experiencing: | compartment syndrome |
| A 56-year-old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any bleeding from the wound, you should: | replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with a sterile dressing. |
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