| Question | Answer |
|---|
| A 30-year-old female presents with redness, inflammation, and pain to her left eye. During your assessment, you note that she is having difficulty keeping her eyes open. You should suspect that she is experiencing: | Conjunctivitis |
| A 39-year-old female experienced a severe closed head injury. She is unconscious with her eyes slightly open; her pupils are bilaterally dilated and slow to react. In addition to managing problems with airway, breathing, and circulation, you should: | close her eyes and cover them with a moist dressing |
| A 50-year-old male was splashed in the eyes with radiator fluid when he was working on his car. During your assessment, he tells you that he wears soft contact lenses. You should: | carefully remove the contact lenses and then irrigate his eyes with saline. |
| Bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face is MOST effectively controlled with: | direct pressure using dry sterile dressings |
| A 30-year-old female was robbed and assaulted by a gang as she was leaving a nightclub. She has massive facial trauma and slow, gurgling respirations. As your partner assumes manual stabilization of her head, you should: | suction her oropharynx for 15 seconds |
| A 6-year-old female was riding her bicycle and struck a clothesline with her throat. She is breathing, but with obvious difficulty. Your rapid trauma assessment reveals a crackling sensation in the soft tissues of her neck and facial cyanosis. In addition to the appropriate airway management, the intervention that will MOST likely improve her chance of survival is: | rapidly transporting her to the hospital. |
| When transporting a patient with a facial injury, it is MOST important to be as descriptive as possible with the hospital regarding the patient's injuries because: | maxillofacial specialists may need to be called. |
| A 40-year-old male was in his woodworking shop when he felt a sudden, sharp pain in his left eye. Your assessment reveals a small splinter of wood embedded in his cornea. You should: | cover both of his eyes and transport to the hospital. |
| The eyeball itself is referred to as the: | globe |
| The MOST significant complication associated with facial injuries is: | airway compromise |
| The cricoid cartilage: | is the only complete circular cartilage of the trachea. |
| You are assessing a 59-year-old male who complains of diplopia. When obtaining the patient's medical history, it is MOST pertinent to ask him if he: | has a history of eye surgeries. |
| Which of the following statements regarding the vitreous humor is MOST correct? a) Vitreous humor is a clear, jellylike fluid near the back of the eye that cannot be replaced if it is lost b) Vitreous humor is a clear, watery fluid that is located in front of the lens and can be replaced if it is lost c) Vitreous humor is a clear, watery fluid that cannot be replaced if it is lost during an eye injury d) Vitreous humor is a clear fluid that is produced by the lacrimal glands and cannot be replaced if it is lost | a) Vitreous humor is a clear, jellylike fluid near the back of the eye that cannot be replaced if it is lost |
| The lower jaw bone is called the: | mandible |
| Which of the following statements regarding anterior epistaxis is MOST correct? a) They are usually severe and require aggressive treatment to control b) Anterior epistaxis usually originate from the septal area and bleed fairly slowly c) Anterior epistaxis is usually caused by a fracture of the basilar skull d) Anterior nosebleeds cause blood to drain into the posterior pharynx | b) Anterior epistaxis usually originate from the septal area and bleed fairly slowly. |
| The light-sensitive area of the eye where images are projected is called the: | retina |
| A 29-year-old male has an anterior nosebleed after he was accidentally elbowed in the nose. His is conscious and alert with adequate breathing. The MOST appropriate care for this patient includes: | leaning him forward and pinching his nostrils together. |
| The conjunctiva is kept moist by fluid produced by the: | lacrimal gland |
| A young female experienced a laceration to her left eyeball from flying glass when her boyfriend broke a soda bottle against a wall. There is moderate bleeding and the patient states that she cannot see out of the injured eye. You should: | avoid applying pressure to the globe when you are covering the eye. |
| A 44-year-old male sustained a laceration to his left ear during a minor car accident. Your assessment reveals minimal bleeding. Appropriate care for this injury includes: | padding between the ear and the scalp. |
| A young female was involved in a motor-vehicle crash. She complains of pain to her left eye, which appears to have a piece of glass impaled in it. Further assessment reveals a large laceration to her left forearm with active venous bleeding. As your partner maintains manual stabilization of the patient's head, you should: | apply direct pressure to her arm wound. |
| The white portion of the eye is called the: | sclera |
| Facial injuries should be identified and treated as soon as possible because: | of the risk of airway problems |
| The term “hyphema” is MOST accurately defined as: | blood in the anterior chamber of the eye |
| Significant trauma to the face should increase the EMT-B's index of suspicion for a/an: | spinal cord injury |
| A 22-year-old male was walking on the beach and had sand blown into his eyes. He complains of pain and decreased vision to his right eye. Treatment should include: | irrigating his right eye laterally |
| What is the function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle? | Allows movement of the head |
| A construction worker has a large sliver of metal impaled in his right eye. The MOST appropriate treatment for this injury includes: | stabilizing the object and covering both of his eyes |
| The upper jaw bone is called the: | Maxillae |
| Following direct trauma to the superior aspect of the throat, a young male presents with labored breathing, loss of voice, and subcutaneous emphysema in the soft tissues around his neck. You should suspect a/an: | laryngeal fracture |
| The small, rounded, fleshy bulge immediately anterior to the ear canal is called the: | Tragus |
| Following blunt trauma to the head, a 21-year-old male complains of a severe headache and decreased ability to move his eyes. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST consistent with: | a blowout fracture |
| You are transporting a 20-year-old male with a laceration to the left external jugular vein. You have successfully controlled bleeding from the wound. Suddenly, he experiences an acute onset of labored breathing and cyanosis. You should suspect: | an acute air embolism |
| The inner surface of the eyelids and the exposed surface of the eye itself are covered by a delicate membrane called the: | conjuctiva |
| When caring for a patient with an open facial injury, the EMT-B must: | wear gloves and facial protection |
| The skin and underlying tissues of the face: | have a rich blood supply and bleed profusely. |
| You are dispatched to a convenience store, where the clerk sustained a laceration to his neck during a robbery attempt. During your assessment, you note bright red blood spurting from the laceration. You should: | apply direct pressure above and below the wound |
| Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of a closed head injury? a) One pupil larger in size than the other pupil b) Failure of the eyes to follow movement of an object c) Failure of the eyes to move in the same direction d) Briskly constricting pupils when exposed to light | d) Briskly constricting pupils when exposed to light |
| Approximately 80% of the eyeball is protected by the: | orbit |
| The optic nerve endings are contained within the: | retina |
| When a light is shone into the pupil: | it should become smaller in size |
| Frequent ongoing assessments in the patient with facial or throat injuries are MOST important because: | such injuries can affect the respiratory system |
| The mastoid process is located approximately: | 1” posterior to the external opening of the ear. |
| In the normal, uninjured eye: | the pupils are equal in size and move together in the same direction. |
| You are transporting an immobilized patient with severe facial trauma. As you are preparing to give your radio report to the hospital, the patient begins vomiting large amounts of blood. You should: | turn the backboard on its side |
| A patient who is complaining of seeing flashing lights, specks, or "floaters" in his or her field of vision has MOST likely experienced: | a detached retina. |
| A 52-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her face when her truck collided with another vehicle. She has obvious swelling to her facial area and several dislodged teeth. A visual exam of her mouth reveals minimal bleeding. She is conscious and alert with a blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg, pulse of 110 beats/min, and respirations of 22 breaths/min with adequate tidal volume. You should: | apply supplemental oxygen, immobilize her spine, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, suction as needed, and transport. |
| Abnormal variations in pupil size and reaction would MOST likely be observed in a patient with: | a head injury |
| The opening in the center of the iris, which allows light to move to the back of the eye, is called the: | pupil |
| A 4-year-old female has a peanut lodged in the external auditory canal of her right ear. You should: | transport her to the emergency department |
| A factory worker was splashed in the eyes with a strong acid chemical. He complains of intense pain and blurred vision. Your ambulance does not carry bottles of sterile saline or water. You should: | irrigate both eyes continuously for 20 minutes with plain water. |
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