Learn: BioTech2 - Memorize.com - Remember and Understand

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Summary

Bio Tech Exam 2

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Term	Definition
cell cycle	orderly sequence of events in which cellular components are duplicated and divided in two
sister chromatids	replicated chromosomes
daughter chromosomes	split sister chromatids
DNA Synthesis	Template, Primer, dNTPs, enzyme
Human Somatic Cells	46 Chromosomes (Diploid)
Germ Cells	23 Chromosomes (Haploid)
Homozygous	a pair of alleles which are identical
Heterozygous	a single pair of alleles which are unlike each other.
Gene Locus	the location for a specific gene on a specific type of chromosome.
Pair of Alleles	Different Genetic Codes (same/diff eye color)
Centromere	where the chromosomes connect
Pair of genes	same thing as three pairs of alleles
Dominant	The one that prevails (Allele code that wins)
Recessive	Gene Allele not expressed if hetero state
Genotype	information (in DNA)
Phenotype	appearance (what you see)
Gamete	germ cell
Punnett Squares	respresent crosses
N-Glycosidic	bond between the sugar and the base
Phosphodiester	bond between the Phosphate and the Sugar
Hydrogen	bond type between the two bases.
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Stage	Event
Prophase	chromosomes condense and mitotic spindle assembles
Prometaphase	nuclear envelope breaks down and spindle contacts chromosomes
Metaphase	chromosomes line up in the center (equator)
Anaphase	chromosomes split apart
Telophase	nuclear envelope reassembles around separated chromosomes creating two nuclei
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Term	Definition
Building Blocks of DNA	Nucleotides (dATP, dTTP, dCTP, dGTP)
DNA Helicase	seperates DNA
Nuclease	removes nucleutids
Polymerase	fills the gaps
Ligase	Seals the Gap
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Type	Function
mRNAs	codes for proteins
rRNAs	part of the ribosome, site of protein synthesis
tRNAs	carries amino acids to the ribosome
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